EFFECT OF SILICON CARBIDE PARTICLES ON ALUMINIUM 6063 METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE

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Yogesh Kumar1, Amit Tiwari2, Himanshu Vasnani3, Neeraj Kumar4

1M.Tech Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur

2, 3Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur

4Prof.& HOD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur

 

 Abstract: The aim of research work is about fabrication of composite material is to combine the desirable attributes of metals and ceramics. The combination of Aluminium 6063 used as a base material where Silicon carbide used as reinforcement material. Our purpose is to increased or enhanced properties of pure Aluminium 6063 by addition of Silicon Carbide. Many researchers investigation that the role of silicon carbide with varying percentage is definitely it increased properties of pure aluminium. The process of fabrication composite material is by using liquid stir casting method. In this paper we are read out some research papers related to fabrication of composite material by using of stir casting technique. We found that due to aluminium is the most abundant metal in the earth crust, by addition of Silicon Carbide with 5% increasing percentage ratio the mechanical properties of composite material is enhanced, so it is clear that the effect of silicon carbide is very helpful to increasing properties of pure Aluminium by addition.

Keywords: Composite Material, Al 6063, SEM, EDX

 

INTRODUCTION

 The distribution of reinforcement particulates in the matrix and the morphology of secondary matrix phase act as the most enticing part for mechanical properties of metal matrix composites. Stir casting process appears more wide and promising technique for production of metal matrix composite [1]. Matrix composites are composite material in which major portion is in matrix from and reniforcment is added to it to enhance its properties.

 The microstructure study shown that the distribution of particles is depends upon varying percentage addition of SiC particles. Particulate metal matrix composite are nearly isotropic properties when compared to long fibre reinforcement composite [7].

The distribution of the reinforcement material in the matrix must be uniformed and the weld ability or bonding between these substances should be optimized.

Industrial technology is growing at very rapid rate and there is increasing need of materials. In present study stir casting method is used for manufacturing AMC’s having aluminium 6063 as a matrix and Silicon Carbide as a reinforcement [3].

 

LITERATURE REVIEW

 (2014) M. K. Aravindan, K. Balamurugan, G. Murali (2) In this paper is to study about the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear characteristics of a cast silicon carbide as reinforced aluminium metal matrix composite. AMC’s  of varying SiC content (5,10,20 and 25%). Were prepared by stir casting technique. After experiment it is found that tensile strength of the material increases by 25% from pure aluminium 6063 to composite material of aluminium and silicon Carbide as well as hardness of the material increases by 16% from pure aluminium 6063 to composite material of aluminium and silicon Carbide.

(2009) Hassan, A. M., Alrashdan, A., Hayajneh, M. T., & Mayyas, A. T (5) In this paper studied that the physical properties and hardness of aluminium copper and silicon carbide and concluded that the density, porosity and hardness of the MMC increase by increasing the SiC and copper composition.      

(2011) Behera, R., Das, S., Chatterjee, D., &Sutradhar, G (4) In this paper studied about the aluminium alloy i.e LM6 based composite reinforced with different fraction of SiC particles produced by stir cast technique and the effect of reinforcement ratios on the forgeability and the machinability.

The results show that the increment in weight fraction of reinforcement particles in the matrix metal produced better mechanical properties like hardness. The forgeability of the cast MMc decrease.

 (2015) Mukeshkumar, Randeepsingh (8) In this paper is investigated that Enhancement of mechanical properties of aluminium 6063 based MMC reinforcement SiC. In this work three experiment where prepared having 5%, 7% and 9% of SiC It was detected that  the best optimum results were obtained 9% which gives density 2.42 g/cc. Tensile strength 83.69 N/mm², Hardness 38.1 BHN.

       

EXPERIMENTAL WORK

In experimental works involves about material section for experimental along with it is technical specification and other equipment’s required for completion of present work. In this research work Al 6063 is selected as a base material and SiC as a reinforcement material.

 Silicon Carbide as reinforcement

It is only compound of carbon and silicon. It was originally produced by a high temperature electrochemical reaction of sand and carbon. It is used in abrasive, refractoriness, ceramics and numerous high performance applications.

 Properties of Silica Carbide

  1. Low density
  2. High Strength
  3. Low thermal Expansion
  4. High thermal conductivity
  5. High Elastic Modulus

Aluminium 6063 as a base material

Alloy 6063, one of the most popular alloy in the 6000 series, provide good extra durability and a high quality surface finish.

 Properties of Al 6063

STIR CASTING TECHNIQUE

 The most widely method of fabrication of MMC is Stir casting method. In this research work we are aiming to study is to find out the effect of addition of SiC particles in pure Al 6063. Where Al 6063 in quantity of 1 kg Al 6063 pieces in the electric arc furnace is heated and allow the same to melt at 804 °C and care has been achieve complete melting. Where SiC 5% is pre-heated in furnace upto 60 °C because of removing moistures form it.

After achieving 60°C of SiC particles now added to pure aluminium 6063 and mixing by graphite stir upto 100 rpm allow for 10 min.

The stirring of the mixing has been carried out to confirm uniform distribution of reinforcement in the matrix material. After stirring process the mixture was pour in the other mould to get desired shape of specimen as shown in figure. The presence of specimen was inspected by cutting the casting at different location and under microscopic examination.

RESULTS

After Fabrication of composite material some experiment are done to find out their properties and compare to pure Al 6063, To cut material in different section for different experiments like SEM, EDX, Tensile test, Hardness test, Impact test after experiment the results are shown below:-

 Tensile Test of composite material

The composite material where fabricated for measuring the tensile strength. The tensile strength is measured by using Universal Testing Machine. It is obsereved that by addition of SiC 5% with pure Al 6063 After conducted the tensile strength test we found that it increased the strength form 130 MPa to 142 MPa by mixing of SiC reinforced due to applied load transfer to the strongly bonded SiC reinforcement in Al 6063 matrix.

Brinell Hardness Test of Composite Material

 After conducted Brinell Hardness Test we found that it is increased the Hardness form 25HB to 38 HB by mixing of Sic reinforced due to applied load transfer to the strongly bonded Sic reinforcement in Al 6063 matrix.

Impact Test of Composite Material

 For Impact test of Al6063 with Reniforcement material Sic of fabricated composite, from the Impact test results it is observed that the Impact strength of AMC’s is greater than unreinforced Al 6063. It is increased the strength with mixing of Sic reinforced due to applied load transfer to the strongly bonded Sic reinforcement in Al 6063 Matrix.

CONCLUSION

 The Mechanical behaviour and microstructure by pure 100% aluminium 6063 with Silicon Carbide 5% addition has been examined. The specimen is prepared by stir casting technique at 804°C at 100 rpm. Some tests are performed after material fabrication.

  1. Brinell hardness test is carried out to find hardness of composite material and compare with pure Al 6063. From the test results it was found that due to addition of 5% Silicon Carbide in pure Al 6063 the hardness value is increased from 25 HB to 38 HB,
  2. Tensile test results are found that value of ultimate tensile strength is increased form 130 MPa to 142 MPa by mixing of SiC 5% reinforced due to applied load transfer to the strongly bonded SiC reinforcement in Al 6063 matrix.
  3. Impact strength test results are found that value of Impact strength is increased form 130 MPa to 138 MPa by mixing of SiC 5% reinforced due to applied load transfer to the strongly bonded SiC reinforcement in Al 6063 matrix.
  4. Material having isotropic nature can be manufactured successfully.
  5. Preheating of Silicon Carbide reduces porosity and increase mechanical properties.
  6. Stirrer speed, timining decide quality of casting.

 REFERENCES

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